The City of Belton operates under a Council-Manager form of government:

The City Council makes policy decisions, including approving the budget, appointing citizens to advisory boards and establishing and adopting city-wide policies.

The City Manager deals with the day-to-day work of the city, which includes overseeing all departments, keeping up to date on city-related matters and giving informed advice to the Council.

As a home-rule city, Belton residents have the freedom and responsibility to participate in government.